1. Major trends that distributors must address :

Flourishing in augmented economy : Starting from e-trading and new retail business trend like multiple e-commerce websites, mobile applications, chatting applications, social media, customers want all of these in order to add the traditional- in – person, mobile and shipping services. E.G: A customer if wants to buy a product using internet in the evening, picks it up at the branch office next morning and can return it to the retail outlet. Distributors can introduce omni channel and van selling techniques, one that supports wide rage of supply channels and mobility devices to cater local areas and small enterprises.

Re-structuring the duty of the distributors : Highlighting themselves is an important strategy in such markets and distributors must have to implement some innovative and easy way to serve customers efficiently. Some distributors may diversify or expand their services like delivery at shop, online ordering , online pricing system, checking inventory in mobile phone to manage traditional break bulk system. For example, a food distributor might develop a mobile app that allows chefs to track inventory and automate the reordering of supplies to meet par levels.

Inspecting & Optimizing : Most distributors must have immediate access to more data than any other player in the value chain. With the right business intelligence, analytics, and reporting tools, distributors can quickly gain new insight into not only their operations but also the impact of customer interactions on business results. For example, distributors can use data to understand the true costs and profitability of each customer. With this insight, companies can adjust their processes to increase profitability.

Hold on to the new developed trends : Distributors must be prepared to quickly adopt effective new technologies. Some distributors want to use the technology to automate warehouse for instant out scan and delivery. Modern distributors are likely to implement augmented reality to have a knowledge of single inch information in the warehouse. Van selling- instant order taking, one hour delivery and instant invoicing is a great change in distribution industry.

2. Challenging factors :

Few visible challenging factors, customer relation system, awaking customers, being far from market, organizational culture, being more responsive for customers, achieving brand promise and also recognizing various life style, understanding customers needs, these information acquisition and local brands existing in the market also could be a good threat and wasting time.

3. Technology is driving the trends in the distribution market :

E-commerce is piling up : Distributors have growing interest in building a stronger e-commerce platform for their businesses. Almost 96 % of distributors have upgraded their website. E-commerce functionality is one of the top line up distributors want to step into. The interest is widespread among both small and large distributors.

Mobile is a game-changer : Mobile has changed how salespeople do their jobs and how they access information. Distributors are taking advantage of this trend not only to provide another channel for purchasing but also to grow mind share with customers. Mostly manufacturers are likely to deliver goods as early as possible and mobile has become revolutionary in this aspect.

Analytics is a step ahead : Advancing technology is allowing distributors to process data faster than ever before, resulting in the ability to track trends and be more strategic in applying sales resources. There’s a reality gap in what distributors want to do and what they are doing when it comes to the Big Data trend.

Logistics companies are always found to be un-organized and splintered slot of trading in the history of economy. Logistics industry require change in the services and operation like no other industries for which stability and growth of this industry become stagnant.

New age logistics technology enables inter-city as well as intra city freight and cargo management for which logistics connection and network become stronger and wide. Logistics network now seem easy to operate and stand on the line to offer better customer experience. Technology is successful to streamline the entire segment.

Logistics job require high security and responsibility to move shipment from one place to another and for its globalization it require highly robust technologically advanced platform.

Recently many logistics companies who run business using cloud technology have introduced commission based model in the market, online logistics management market place. This is a new revolution in logistics industry. Now whoever it is vendor or customer can enhance their service line and provide improved customer experience.

Again concept of out-door advertising has been successful to promote and explore the new ways of Logistics business like trading events, talks shows, inviting manufacturing industries to associate with.

New business model with an objective to address the issues like utilization, length turnaround time, driver shortage and pilferage.

Logistics start-ups have tremendously presented a light to today’s logistics industry. They are implementing innovative marketing strategies such as –

• Offering cashback and discounts deals.
• Offering gold and silver coins at festive season for business to business and business to consumer customers.
• Different discount for specific services like packers and movers as like certain amount of discounts, for courier or express certain percentage.
• Cash loyalty scheme – Increasing stickiness and high chance of earning customers.
• Offering bonus amount to drivers – Who complete more than certain hours of log-in in the particular month.

Choose the Best Cloud Logistics System and Mobility Solution to Boost Your Business.

Despite of being in uncertain economic positions and having lower oil prices than before government policies and investment to develop infrastructure and grow other sources are highly expected to economic breakthrough in UAE.

Logistics activities and GCC custom support together can lead to a good co-ordination and integrated regional logistics network across middle east Asia.

Airports and other coastal area of UAE have become one of the most important logistics hub in the world. Western and Eastern globe region connect through UAE ports mostly and resulting Euro- Asia trade take place in a greater scale across the region.

UAE government seem to be highly concerned about investing on EXPO 2020 and this should be worth investing which can be a key opportunity for the growth of logistics industry.

Since oil price has gone down relatively, government is reinforcing infrastructure and expecting revenue to be driven by expanding construction activities, modernizing the logistics system and other non-oil economic sectors.

Being a member of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), regional trade policy and transportation corridors in the region can benefit UAE. Apart from international logistics, domestic transportation is also expected to drive.

Few of the key drifts monitored across UAE logistics industry :

• Economic diversification
• Modern construction
• Increase export level
• Increased regional trading
• Multi model logistics
• Airport and railway network expansion
• Co-ordination of custom regulations
• Augmenting service sector

Other than oil UAE GDP has been composed by several sectors such as retails, logistics, tourism, real estate, and energy as 12%, 8%, 9%, 22%, 31% respectively.

As oil price has fallen down globally near around 60-70% at the end of 2014, oil companies across globe have felt the impact on trading and individual capita income, UAE remained one of these but UAE government enforced positive policies for country’s economic overview and helped to neutralize the impact of declined oil price thorough other sectors.

In recent few years, construction industry in UAE has rapidly grown to a certain state that small companies which started with tiles, marbles, building blocks now same companies have been engaged in manufacture and large construction operation. Gradually export level of construction materials has enhanced and all neighbouring countries are associated in the same regards for which tourism and corporate presence also tremendously climbed in the global vision.

Regional trade policy and government relations between UAE and KSA closely resulted an increasing economic rate and commercial bonding. Countries having membership of GCC are continuously showing interest to enhance domestic demands and strengthen bilateral trading policies.

UAE invested more than 25billion $ to build its railway infrastructure which has risen multiple sources of multiplies countries revenue and one among them is logistics. Logistics industry’s contribution is around 8% which is expected to grow around 23% by 2020.

Railways structure is designed in such a way that all the parts of emirates can be connected with each other and boost the internal communication. 11 billion $ already allocated to Etihad rail where as Abu Dhabi Department has sanctioned a budget of 8 billion $ for metro and DUBAI approved around 2billlion $ for its tram and metro communication project.

The planned regional trading position in DUBAI and increasing modern construction surely will capture a new picture of spontaneous growth of logistics business.

Growth of logistics carry out the growth of technology implementation, new formed logistics companies and government approach to modernize the technology in UAE towards multiple countries has been bringing a rapid successful growth.

In Shanghai 2010 international visitors were around 6% and in 2015 Italy it was projected to attract more than 30% and in 2020 it is clearly a challenge for UAE to meet at least 40%.

After government’s sincere contribution, greater range of preparation and huge multi billion investment by industries, it shows that UAE is an emerging spot for logistics in near future and for small to medium business it is like a golden opportunity to invest in logistics sector.

Cloud based platform integrated with augmented reality and world’s most advanced multi-model logistics system “LogixERP” and mobility platforms are highly requisite for upcoming UAE logistic industry.

Recommendation: LogixERP cloud logistics system for international logistics business.

Indians must have thought once, in abroad domestic passenger air tickets are less costly, what would be the reason?

Well Indian aviation policy 2016 also recognized that domestic and international air freight or air cargo and express logistics would be helpful to reduce or subsidize the passenger air fare.

Following are the few facts of Huge Upcoming Air Cargo Scopes :

• Air cargo, particularly domestic has a high employment potential, especially for semi-skilled workers.
• Air cargo ecosystem, Express Delivery Services is becoming pivotal especially in the light of double digit growth in e-commerce.
• E-commerce companies are expected to invest close to $6-8 billion in logistics.
• The e-commerce sector has been witnessing consolidation, which in turn would open up opportunities for the express market.
• Around 10 per cent of the shipments carried by some of the express companies are B to C shipments. There are also companies who works only in carrying B to C shipments.
• Introduction of a product with cost and transit times between current air and surface products.
• Induction of multiple aircraft’s with 100 per cent capacity utilization, streamlining the last mile costs to B2C benchmark levels.
• The consolidation in the e-commerce sector and with internet penetration expected to nearly double in the next four years.

Innovations are very important in this sector, as the demand is always for more reach and faster shipping at lower costs. The companies will need to invest in automation, while utilizing existing resources well.

Some of the new initiatives should be taken by air express operators :

Currently, air cargo volumes in India are very low as compared to other leading countries due to high charges and high turnaround time.

• Parcel lockers
• On-the-Move (OTMs)
• Handheld devices
• Mobile point of sales (MPOS) solution
• Cash on Delivery (COD)
• Reverse logistics with various value-adds such as ‘open’ and ‘cash return’
• Preferred time of delivery
• Provision of track and trace
• Easy surface connectivity to the air-ports
• World-class cargo transit hubs

Presently, there is a very low level of air cargo penetration characterized by only a few airports equipped to handle large volumes of express delivery parcels. As the e-commerce gathers momentum and moves to the several less populated cities like tier 2 and tier 3, there will be increasing demand of expanding air cargo connectivity to smaller towns. The industry would invest in about $8 billion by 2025.

India set a benchmark in providing the lower cost services irrespective of any specific field still India has higher logistics cost due to various issues and challenges faced by the industry. India is involved in complex tax structure, the industry is also affected by poor rate of customs efficiency of clearance processes and procedures thus affecting the international export logistics stratum. however, insignificant comfort provided by the existing Indian infrastructure combined with lack of implementation of efficient IT-enabled tracking and tracing operation has saturated the efficiency of logistics and transportation.

The proposed goods and services tax (GST) will help companies reduce logistics cost by 1.5 to 2.5% as they reconfigure their supply chains and bring in three key structural changes to the logistics industry. First, as India becomes one big market, there will be fewer and larger warehouses. Second, it will lead to a larger number of bigger trucks on road as there is greater adoption of the hub-and-spoke model. Third, these changes will lead to greater economies of scale for transport operators and lead to more companies outsourcing their logistics operations.

Eliminating delays at check posts will yield an additional savings of 0.4-0.8% of sales. These cost savings are, however, more likely to be gradual and back ended, as corporate will have to realign their supply chain while ensuring minimum business disruption, it added. The impact of GST in logistics is going to be dramatic and revolutionary.

Interstate tax burden Currently, each of India’s 29 states taxes goods that move across their borders at different rates apart from that Corporate state tax of 2% is imposed for inter-state goods transfer. Not applicable. Uniform taxation and no varying tax structures would be allowed across states.

Currently, there are around 20-30 warehouses per company, one in every state, in addition to this 20-30 Carry & Forwarding agent per state making the supply chain longer and inefficient. GST tax will be imposed on transportation of goods and full credit will be available on interstate transactions.

Logistic costs are expected to be decreased by 1.5- 2.00% of sales on account of optimization of warehouses leading to lower inventory costs which are set up across states to avoid paying 2% corporate sales tax and phasing out of interstate sales tax. There is immense scope for optimization of costs.

How technology will play its role :

The planned GST system seeks to replace multiple taxes and tariffs for a single tax at the point of sale. GST will unleash a new era of developing logistics infrastructure and take investments to the next level. The regulatory reforms proposed in the GST presents an opportunity to re-engineer logistics and transportation networks. Current inefficient and longer supply chains with warehouses in almost every state will now change based on delivery and cost efficiency. GST, when implemented, will free the decisions on warehousing and distribution from tax considerations and here the technology will play its role in the following cases –

• East tracking of consignments.
• Managing complete Hub and spoke model.
• Centralized accounting.
• Outsource the logistics operations.

This will result in more efficient cross-state transportation with improvement in transit time. Reformation of paperwork for road transporters Cost efficiency to optimum use of assets. This will lead to changes in Logistics Network Redefinition. Logistics service providers to rethink their business operations.

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Omni literally means ‘all’ which would be told other way multiple. Multiple-channel logistics is highly related with the retailing. Its an experience of shopping focusing on customer’s comfort including analysis before purchase.

Traditional distribution process and line-up which were built around consumers of earlier time, people who used to shop almost exclusively at store and shopping malls and for them online delivery in 3-4 days would have been expected but new age shopping experience is being changed. People who will shop more online especially on mobile-phone and expect same day delivery or click and collect within an hour.

Below factors of supply chain, which can full-fill the promise of omni-channel logistics model profitably.

• Online ordering and in-store pickup
• Product availability in stores for online order fulfillment
• Integration of low-cost, last-mile delivery options
• Inventory positioning
• Retail store as a warehouse
• Returns processing
• Short-term inventory re balancing

1. Omni-channel logistics :

The Omni-channel consumer wants to use all channels simultaneously and retailers using an Omni-channel approach must track customer behavior across all these channels. In the Omni-channel retail model, customers demand a seamless shopping experience where they can order-from-anywhere, requiring retailers to adopt a ‘fulfill from-anywhere’ model.

2. Impact on Distribution :

But integrating the various points of purchase is only half the battle. To successfully execute omni-channel marketing, retailers need to integrate their distribution methods as well. With more consumers expecting a seamless experience, retail success today requires one system for offering online order processing and delivering customer orders, online pick-up location as well as tracking buying patterns.

In e-commerce-oriented distribution centers, products are picked from warehouse shelves at the direction of distribution workers. Those workers may also determine the best size of the box for shipping a multiple-item order and which packing materials are needed. If the customer has ordered gift-wrapping, distribution workers handle that, too.

Combining the two types of distribution strategies into one requires a new type of product and not only in terms of size.

The real core—and challenge—of Omni-channel is about the fulfilment. What happens behinds the scenes, the consequences of decisions and precision (or not) in execution become delightfully or painfully aware to the customer.

The end consumer is changing, too. Today, they are more interested in understanding the game of supply chain. They want fulfilment their way. They want to understand the source market—where it was made, the labour and other practices of the manufacturer, and so on.

3. Fulfillment/Logistics :

Shop online, pickup in store (click-and-collect)—  If the customer chooses pickup in store, that might be coming from the retailer’s own stock. But what if that is being shipped by the supplier? What if then the customer decides they don’t want the product? If it is not a standard stock item in the store, who owns that product now—the retailer or the supplier? Is this now a return and shipped back to the supplier? One system logistics technology can resolve everything in one click.

Customize and deliver—Consumers often visit a store to configure or design their personal version of a product. The level of these orders coming through e-commerce channels has significantly increased. Although the retailer may be the sales channel, the question becomes who executes the logistics and services associated with the order. This exposes a fundamental question of the supplier/retailer relationship and their traditional roles. Technology has been shaped in a mobile-device now to build such relationship between supplier and retailer. 

More frequent orders—Suppliers may have to ship from warehouse to the store more frequently and and frequent orders may be small in amount. Thus suppliers may need more stock in ‘sales ready’ inventory. This may change their pick/pack/shipping operations or warehouse design to support consumer-oriented orders. This sort of inventory projection, accounting should be automated and technological help is the best way to figure it out.

Then there’s a huge opportunity for having a much broader selection Omni-channel, speed of delivery, selection, those are the opportunities today. And unfortunately, retailers need to work on several of those. They can’t just do one of those well because there are different perspectives and they need to make sure they really do well on all of those.

CIO-review-magazine-2015-top-promising-company.

CIO- presented-June 2016 – focusing on Logistics & Transportation Technology.

Reference : http://goo.gl/3sI0k3 page no. 19

Logistics operations are finding way to get streamlined and drawing a path of giving advance service, mobility solutions which count on wireless devices has turned to be eventuated towards success in logistics business however all the mobile applications based on cloud at its best to provide the real time information.

But many logistics companies who are still expecting a solution which can be affordable with advance technical facilities. The truth is logistics companies whether it’s a courier based or transportation or any cargo, for competition they fail to see the profit at initial stage of business which pulls down the interest towards business and they find traditional system left for them to retain their existing business. Logistics business is more of partnering rather than providing services alone to cater wide area and their business partners who either don’t communicate appropriately or incompatible to meet the demands results lose opportunities.

Over last few years, technological approach has been drastically changed, last decade back logistics used to be a service of minimum 6-7 days domestically which has been phenomenally reduced to a single day. Realizing real-time supply chain management and shipment visibility which was a part of dream. Let’s take a look at the trends of developing logistics subsequently.

1. Mobility solution is advancing rapidly :

Real time visibility is primary factor in Logistics business, second comes cost of service if any company has a control on these factors then that company will commit success for sure. Mobility solution has made it possible. New day’s technology improvised the solution module into a shape of mobile phone which has become more efficient in terms of mobility. When mobile devices are enabled with GPS system and camera integrated, service frequency becomes much faster and safe.

According to survey, after implementing mobility solutions company’s security has been improved by using handle held devices such as capturing information, allocating pick up, dispatching, delivering, bar code scanning from anywhere, shipment and fleet tracking, online reporting and route optimization.

Today the proposition is very affordable. Reason defines device cost has come down across the globe where supply chain mobility has placed. Achievements in mobility solution integrated with logixERP is taking place in the supply chain right now which allow track back to demanding and hyper-informed customers.

2. Cloud enterprise resource planning system :

Cloud was considered to be a marketing hype and not much of companies were interested in it. However, lately companies have started realizing the benefits that cloud products will bring to them. Cloud based logixERP offer benefits like Cost Advantage, Visibility into Cash Outflow, Quick Turnaround, Internal IT Operations Effectiveness etc.

Cloud products are giving company competitive advantages with their capability to analyse large data, communicate with multiple systems. As per the Study conducted by IBM. Companies adopting cloud products reporting nearly double the revenues and profit growth of those that are more cautious about using cloud.

Cloud promise a lot of innovation to Logistics industry. The Biggest advantage cloud products brings to logistics is “Connectivity”. Cloud solutions could bring full Supply-Chain to a single platform and easily take-away the chaos; manual intervention of multi-vendor/multi-department coordination. With Cloud the benefits are substantial. Cloud technology can enable better networking throughout an organization, as well as across supply chains. It can provide a higher level of connectivity and visibility – essential qualities for complex global operations.

3. Internet of things Associated with Logistics :

IOT in supply chain is a revolutionary innovation which is going to enhance productivity by gathering every object associated with supply chain including process, data, devices, sensors, people. Intellectual level of working will arrive through many ways when it takes place in SCM. It starts working from one end to another. IOT integration with LogixERP allows to automate the process and enhance visibility starting from warehouse to end user.

This changing scenario has been applied to enrich data and depth of intelligence, IOT helps in many ways such as :

• Control in asset loss. Identify product issues and develop a solution.
• Save fuel costs. Optimize fleet routes.
• Ensure temperature stability.
• Warehouse management. Monitor inventory to reduce out-of-stock situations.
• Gain user insight. Embedded sensors provide visibility into customer behavior and product usage.
• Training and development.

4. Augmented reality applied in SCM :

AR is technology that alters what the wearer sees in his/her reality by integrating with logixERP. Wearable AR technology has seen slower development and adoption. In the future, we will be seeing more of this technology in the workplace – with many AR commercial solutions already in development.

Let’s discuss how companies can apply augmented reality in supply chain. Here are some examples :

Order Picking : Traditionally, pickers receive a list of stuffs they are supposed to pick for an order by using an RF unit display or paper-based task list. With AR, the employee can keep his/her hands free to pick items also, as each item is picked, the technology verifies the correct product using bar codes scanner, and instructs the employee to the next most logical item to be picked. The employee can move faster, more efficiently and with greater accuracy.

Equipment Repair : AR can enhance employee knowledge and skills. If an employee needs additional guidance with repairs and the problem is beyond their capability, a more experienced person is called to come and do the job or train the individual to repair the equipment.

Safety & Quality : For quality control, a supervisor can see when an employee is fatigued and may not be accurately pulling defective material. Observations can be performed remotely to better analyse, document and improve processes without having to follow the employee, which may prove difficult in some environments. An employee could transmit video to their supervisor if they encounter difficulty so the supervisor could instantly see what the employee sees. Finally, it could be used as a monitoring system to drive employee accountability and identify opportunities for training and improvement.

Logistics process is typical yet can’t be ignored to have a concern of economic growth, if there is no logistics in the market business will get stuck. Essential elements towards country’s revenue generation will be stopped if transportation process cannot take place appropriately. Consumer goods and domestic trading cannot be a reason for provision of better life. Importing the goods and globalization should be inexpensive for people to access.

Logistics is likely to become an emerging industry in Africa having huge remunerative opportunities for Supply chain service providers across substantial infrastructure problems in the countries. Kenya and Nigeria’s logistics market is inclining towards high growth for reasons like high local trading, expansion and diversification of international demands by domestic consumers.

Nowadays logistics market with multiple players has become much competitive and it is no longer facilitated to buy the right goods at the right cost. Retailers must also get them to the right place at the right cost, in the right amount with the right operational costs. Doing this it necessarily requires an understanding of logistics and cost reducing IT solution that will allow you to deliver the goods to your customers most cost effectively.

For the first time report regarding Nigerian supply chain and specific data accumulation of logistics and transportation has been released in early 2016. Report contains target areas, economic performance of the logistics services, competition within logistics industry, logistics and supply chain volume and growth in domestic and international market. Report stated about identification of gaps for the improvement of logistics infrastructure and in this regards, the efficiency of the clearance process, time estimation of transshipment, freight cost.

1. Why struggling to incipient better supply chain system?

These high costs create significant impact on the people living in the region. The World Bank estimates that logistics cost account for 40% of consumer prices in East Africa that is figuratively 250 million people, many of whom are already living in severe poverty, who are paying more for food, household goods and healthcare products. Added to this are the large numbers of small business owners unable to grow their companies because of the high overheads connected with distributing or sourcing their goods.

Any companies based on services or products, transportation is necessary to expand but in these countries transportation has become biggest restrain towards the growth of business. Business can not expand because of no technical resources and high operational cost which results no internal growth in the country. Time is the biggest factor in transportation and logistics, giving less taking time service raise the demand of the service, its not like there is no demand from the side of country’s citizens. In an average it takes more than 6 hours to travel 100 KMs. E-commerce business has been emerging indubitably but only in urban areas increasing e-commerce demand has shown where as 46% country’s population is still reside in rural areas.

The biggest challenge of an average Supply Chain manager in Nigeria is the absence of data to work with. This had created a situation where they are left to the mercy of circumstances. Logistics is more about numbers than stories which makes data the king that makes it possible for managers to take good decisions. Data driven logistic systems bring several unique benefits for companies supply chain process as it enables organizations to fully understand their supply chain thoroughly and stay ahead of their competitors.

Eg: If any delivery is to be done across 5 KMs then transporters charge premium cost from the customers. E-commerce business also limited for specific regions, now if someone orders something worth of 5$ then delivery charge comes along with extra 4-5 $ thus it takes away the interest of people towards e-commerce business or any other transportation which results no trading and revenue. Transport companies can not assign delivery person to distribute goods for wide area because of less resources available and poor infrastructure.

2. Progress of rising opportunities :

East Africa is one of the fastest growing regions in the world. Some estimate that there is up to $68 billion of projects under construction in the region, ranging from civil engineering and infrastructure to resource development.

A new pilot program clears much of the red tape for companies bringing cargo in through the Port of Mombasa in Kenya. The port can now clear incoming cargo seven days in advance. The new program was created to increase efficiency at the port, and to support integration of the East Africa Community initiative, which aims to reduce cost and transit times for freight, and promote trade in the region.

Manufacturers should benefit the most from the program because they can clear their raw materials in advance, and haul them off immediately once they arrive at the port. Even if cargo isn’t picked up right away, the program awards domestic cargo four free storage days, and transit cargo nine free days.

The market is open for first movers who can navigate risk and nurture African talent. The opportunity is for those seeking to build long-term, sustainable businesses that bring world-class practices and adapt to local conditions. Africa’s requirement for logistics services and supply chain expertise is huge and growing every day.

A particularly surprising statistic is that Kenya is the third-largest emerging market air export trade lane by tonnage, exceeding not just its continental competitors such as South Africa and Nigeria.

With increasing scopes countries should bring up new technological resources and improve infrastructure which should include improved route mapping, warehouse management, fleet management including tyre management, vehicle tracking, fuel management, documentation and auditing, monitor shipment movement, live tracking, digital signatory receiving and confirmation, accounting, client care, on field delivery person automation.

Ex: South Africa has been ahead of Kenya and Nigeria in logistics industry because of implementing new generation technological solution and maintain a good infrastructure which help them to provide cost effective services.

Summary :

Kenya is among the top-four countries in Africa with the biggest economic growth promise over the next five years, a new survey of global logistics executives shows. The highest growth will be seen in Nigeria, Kenya, Morocco, and Uganda followed by south Africa. Among all African countries largest and most breakthrough in logistics market at worth of 3 billion $, will reach compound growth annually at a rate of more than 4 percent.